Factors contributing to the loss of deceased donor kidney at Fundación Surcolombiana de Trasplantes. February 2007 – November 2012, Neiva, Colombia

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent dysfunction and renal transplant is the alternative for improving the lives of these patients. We seek to identify the factors that contribute to the loss of renal transplant in order to improve the management protocol in our population.
Methodology: Retrospective cohort study in patients with renal transplantation (deceased donor) at Hospital Universitario de Neiva, Colombia, with a year of follow-up period. Data were processed in STATA 11.1, using univariate analysis, odds ratio (OR), (95% CI) and Fisher test, with p < 0.05 significance.
Results: In 160 patients, 49.38% with arterial hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) as the cause for CKD, there was 20% failure incidence. Probable causes of transplant loss: age over 60 (OR: 2.3); time of cold ischemia greater than 13 h (OR: 2); donor age greater than 50 (OR: 2.8). One-month complications: urologic (OR: 3.3), vascular (OR: 4), acute rejection (OR: 3.3). Six-month complications: vascular (OR: 4.5), urologic (OR: 3.3), infectious (OR: 2.8). Oneyear complications: acute rejection (OR: 11.3), chronic graft nephropathy (OR: 15.3), infection (OR: 9.4).
Conclusions: Arterial hypertension and DM are the main etiologies of CKD. The causes of renal transplant failure were mainly vascular and infectious. Probable risk factors of statistical and clinical importance were suggested but a larger sample size is required for more robust statistical evidence.