Case report: Opioid tolerance and hyperalgesia after abdominal injury
Abstract
Introduction: Opioid tolerance and hyperalgesia are two occurrences that can pose great difficulty in managing both acute and chronic pain. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach requires profound knowledge of opioid pharmacology and related issues such as addiction and pseudoaddiction.
This paper presents the case of a patient with multiple interventions, non-functional gastrointestinal tract, increasing uncontrolled pain, exposed to high-dose opioids.
Opioid tolerance and hyperalgesia were diagnosed. An opioid rotation regimen was initiated followed by ketamine and dexmedetomidine infusions until a response was finally obtained.
Conclusion: Opioid tolerance and hyperalgesia are very difficult to manage and treatment is very complex in the absence of a functional gastrointestinal tract. Opioid rotation, ketamine and dexmedetomidine were the mainstays of treatment in this case.
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