Spinal anesthesia for c-section in patients with protein S deficiency: case report and literature review

Abstract

Introduction:

Congenital protein S deficiency is a very rare disease in the population. In pregnant women it is associated with spontaneous abortion and fetal death, among other complications.

Case presentation:

We present the case of a 32-year-old multigravida with a 36-week pregnancy, with thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin from the 4th week of gestation and with a diagnosis of thrombophilia-due to functional protein S deficiency-which was intervened with elective c-section under spinal anesthesia. In addition, a review of the relevant literature was conducted.

Discussion:

The risk of venous thromboembolism is approximately 4 to 5 times greater during gestation, and the recommendation of thromboprophylaxis in low-risk thrombophilia is based on the presence of associated risk factors. In patients receiving low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) as thromboprophylaxis, an interval of at least 12 hours after the last dose of LMWH before neuropsy and restarting the next dose after at least 4hours of spinal technique use is recommended.

Conclusion:

Neuroaxial techniques should be individualized and receive pre and postpartum thromboprophylaxis. In addition, non-pharmacological thromboprophylaxis measures in the perioperative period should be considered. Spinal anesthesia was effective and safe in this patient.