Peripheral Nerve Blocks
Keywords:
Peripheral nerves, anesthesia, autonomic nerve block, anesthesia and analgesia.
Abstract
Background. Technological advances and the development of several new techniques have helped expand the use of peripheral nerve blocks in different situations. This paper is designed to review several issues related with the tecniques to perform peripheral nerve blocks.
Methods. The literature search and selection was done in PubMed, Cochrane, Scielo, LILACS; it was expanded on the basis of the references found in texts reviewed by the author; the search was done using the MeSH terms included as keywords.
Results. Physiology of neural conduction, functioning of the peripheral nerve stimulator, anatomy of the several neural structures, drugs, and techniques are showed.
References
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2. Berde Ch, Strichartz G. Anesthetic pharmacologic, local anesthetics. En: Miller R, Lars MD, Eriksson I, et al. Miller's Anesthesia 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2009;30.
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6. Admir H. Peripheral nerve blocks - principles and Practice. New York : Mc GrawHill; 2009.
7. Mulroy M. Peripheral nerve blockade. En: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK. Clinical anesthesia, 6th Ed. Philadenphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009;38.
8. Neal J, Gerancher JC, Hebl J, et al. Upper extremity regional anesthesia: essentials for your practice. Documento presentado en: 60th annual refresher course lectures, ASA Inc, ©. 17-21 de octubre del 2009. New Orleans, US.
9. Jaramillo J. Anestesia regional, uso de neuroestimulador de nervio periférico. Curso de Anestesia Regional. Bogotá: SCARE;2008.
10. Gray AT. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia: Current state of the art. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:368.
11. Auroy Y, Benhamou D, et al, Major complications of regional anesthesia in France. The SOS regional anesthesia hotline service. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:1274-80.
12. Ballantyne JC, Carr DC, de Ferranti, et al. The comparative effects of postoperative analgesic therapies on pulmonary outcome: cumulative meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials. Anesth Analg. 1998;86:598-612.
13. Steinbrook. Epidural anesthesia and gastrointestinal motility. Anesth Analg. 1998;86:837-44.
14. Capdevila X, Dadure C, Brinquier S, et al. Effect of patient-controlled perineural analgesia on rehabilitation and pain after ambulatory orthopedic surgery. A multicenter randomized trial. Anesthesiology. 2006;105:566-73.
15. Hadzic A, Karaca PE,Hobeika P, et al. Peripheral nerve blocks result in superior recovery profile compared with general anesthesia in outpatient knee arthroscopy. Anesth Analg. 2005;100:976-81.
16. Mulroy M. Practical regional anesthesia: making it work in the real world. Documento presentado en: 60th annual refresher course lectures, ASA Inc. 17- 21 de octubre del 2009. New Orleans, US.
17. Hadzic A, Vloka JD, Kuroda MM, et al. The practice of peripheral nerve blocks in the United States: a national survey. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1998;241-6.
18. Cullen DJ, Kirby RR. Beach chair position may decrease cerebral perfusion; catastrophic outcomes have occurred. APSF Newsletter. 2007;22:25-7.
19. Apfel C. Posoperative care, postoperative nausea and vomiting. En: Miller R, Lars MD, Eriksson I, et al. Miller's Anesthesia 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2009;86.
20. Marino P. Practicas preventivas en el enfermo grave, control de las infecciones en la UCI. En: Marino P. El libro de la UCI. España: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008;3:39-59.
21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for hand hygiene in health-care settings: recommendations of the healthcare infection control practices advisory committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/ APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. MMWR. 2002;51:1-45.
22. Power I, Kam P. Physiology of exitable cells. En: Pagel P. Principles of physiology for the anesthesist. 2da ed. UK: Hodder Arnold And Hachette UK Company; 2008.
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24. Marhofer P, Greher M, Kapral S. Ultrasound guidance in regional anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2005;94:7.
25. Dingemans E, Williams SR, Arcand G, et al: Neurostimulation in ultrasound-guided block -a prospective randomized trial. Anesth Analg. 2007;104:1275.
26. Gaertner E, Lascurain P, Venet C, et al. Continuous parasacral sciatic block: A radiographic study. Anesth Analg. 2004;98:831.
27. Glass P, Shafer S. Anesthetic pharmacologic, intravenous anesthetics. En: Miller R, Lars MD, Eriksson I, et al. Miller's Anesthesia 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2009;26.
28. Vanegas A. Anestésicos intravenosos. En: Vanegas A. Anestesia Intravenosa, 2da edición Bogotá: Editorial Médica Panamericana; 2008. p. 194-198.
29. Bozkurt P. Premedication of the pediatric patient - anesthesia for the uncooperative child. Anaesthesiology. 2007;20:211-5.
30. Dalens B, Saint-Maurice C. Practical conditions for practice and survey of regional anesthesia. En: Dalens B, Khandwala R. Regional anesthesia in infants, children, adolescents. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995. pp.145-153.
31. De Andre´s J, Sala-Blanch X. Peripheral nerve stimulation in the practice of brachial plexus anesthesia: a review. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2001;26:478-83.
32. Vester-Andersen T, Husum B, Lindburg T, et al: Perivascular block. IV. Blockade following 40, 50, or 60 mL of mepivacaine 1% with adrenaline. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1984;28:99.
33. Baranowski AP, Pither CE. A comparison of three methods of axillary brachial plexus anaesthesia. Anaesthesia. 1990;45:362.
34. Fanelli G, Casati A, Garancini P, et al. Nerve stimulator and multiple injection technique for upper and lower limb blockade: Failure rate, patient acceptance, and neurologic complications. Study Group on Regional Anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1999;88:847.
35. Auroy Y, Benhamou D, Bargues L, et al. Major complications of regional anesthesia in France: The SOS regional anesthesia hotline service. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:1274.
36. Borgeat A, Ekatodramis G, Kalberer F, et al. Acute and nonacute complications associated with interscalene block and shoulder surgery. A prospective study. Anesth Analg. 2001;95:875-80.
37. Davies JAH, Wilkey AD, Hall ID. Bupivacaine leak past inflated tourniquets during intravenous regional analgesia. Anaesthesia 1984;39:996.
38. Enneking FK, Chan V, et al. Lower extremity peripheral nerve blocks: Essentials of our current understanding. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:4.
39. Capdevila X, Macaire P, Dadure C, et al: Continuous psoas compartment block for postoperative analgesia after total hip arthroplasty: New landmarks, technical guidelines, and clinical evaluation. Anesth Analg. 2002;94:1606.
40. Capdevila X, Coimbra C, Choquet O. Approaches to the lumbar plexus: Success, risks, and outcome. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:150.
41. Franco CD, Gloss FJ, Voronov G, et al. Supraclavicular block in the obese population: An analysis of 2020 blocks. Anesth Analg. 2006;102:1252.
42. Enneking FK, Chan V, Greger J, et al. Lower extremity peripheral nerve blocks: Essentials of our current understanding. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:4.
43. Lopez S, Gros T, Bernard N, et al. Fascia iliaca compartment block for femoral bone fractures in prehospital care. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2003;28:203.
44. Pianezza A, Gilbert ML, Minville V, et al. A modified mid-femoral approach to the sciatic nerve block: A correlation between evoked motor response and sensory block. Anesth Analg. 2007;105:528.
45. Awad IT, Duggan EM. Posterior lumbar plexus block: Anatomy, approaches, and techniques. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:143.
46. Benumof JL. Permanent loss of cervical spinal cord function associated with interscalene block performed under general anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2000; 93:1541-4.
47. Bernards CM, Hadzic A, Surech S, et al. Regional anesthesia in anesthetized or heavily sedated patients. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2008;33:449-60.
48. Boezaart AP. Perineural infusion of local anesthetics. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:872-80.
49. McCartney CJ, Brull R, Chan WW, et al. Early but no long-term benefit of regional compared with general anesthesia for ambulatory hand surgery. Anesthesiology. 2004;101:461-7.
50. Handoll HHG, Koscielniak-Nielsen ZJ. Single, double or multiple techniques for axillary brachial plexus block for hand, wrist or forearm surgery. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2006;1: Art No. CD003842.
2. Berde Ch, Strichartz G. Anesthetic pharmacologic, local anesthetics. En: Miller R, Lars MD, Eriksson I, et al. Miller's Anesthesia 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2009;30.
3. De Andrés J, Alonso-Iñigo JM, Sala-Blanch X, et al. Nerve stimulation in regional anesthesia: theory and practice. Best Pract Res Clin Anesthesiol. 2005;19:153-74.
4. De Franco C. Applied anatomy of the lower extremity. En: de León-Casasola O. Techniques in regional anesthesia and pain management. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2008. p. 140-145.
5. De Franco C, Clarck L. Applied anatomy of the upper extremity. En: de Leon-Casasola O. Techniques in regional anesthesia and pain management. Philadelphia: Elsevier.; 2008. p. 134-9.
6. Admir H. Peripheral nerve blocks - principles and Practice. New York : Mc GrawHill; 2009.
7. Mulroy M. Peripheral nerve blockade. En: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK. Clinical anesthesia, 6th Ed. Philadenphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009;38.
8. Neal J, Gerancher JC, Hebl J, et al. Upper extremity regional anesthesia: essentials for your practice. Documento presentado en: 60th annual refresher course lectures, ASA Inc, ©. 17-21 de octubre del 2009. New Orleans, US.
9. Jaramillo J. Anestesia regional, uso de neuroestimulador de nervio periférico. Curso de Anestesia Regional. Bogotá: SCARE;2008.
10. Gray AT. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia: Current state of the art. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:368.
11. Auroy Y, Benhamou D, et al, Major complications of regional anesthesia in France. The SOS regional anesthesia hotline service. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:1274-80.
12. Ballantyne JC, Carr DC, de Ferranti, et al. The comparative effects of postoperative analgesic therapies on pulmonary outcome: cumulative meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials. Anesth Analg. 1998;86:598-612.
13. Steinbrook. Epidural anesthesia and gastrointestinal motility. Anesth Analg. 1998;86:837-44.
14. Capdevila X, Dadure C, Brinquier S, et al. Effect of patient-controlled perineural analgesia on rehabilitation and pain after ambulatory orthopedic surgery. A multicenter randomized trial. Anesthesiology. 2006;105:566-73.
15. Hadzic A, Karaca PE,Hobeika P, et al. Peripheral nerve blocks result in superior recovery profile compared with general anesthesia in outpatient knee arthroscopy. Anesth Analg. 2005;100:976-81.
16. Mulroy M. Practical regional anesthesia: making it work in the real world. Documento presentado en: 60th annual refresher course lectures, ASA Inc. 17- 21 de octubre del 2009. New Orleans, US.
17. Hadzic A, Vloka JD, Kuroda MM, et al. The practice of peripheral nerve blocks in the United States: a national survey. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1998;241-6.
18. Cullen DJ, Kirby RR. Beach chair position may decrease cerebral perfusion; catastrophic outcomes have occurred. APSF Newsletter. 2007;22:25-7.
19. Apfel C. Posoperative care, postoperative nausea and vomiting. En: Miller R, Lars MD, Eriksson I, et al. Miller's Anesthesia 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2009;86.
20. Marino P. Practicas preventivas en el enfermo grave, control de las infecciones en la UCI. En: Marino P. El libro de la UCI. España: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008;3:39-59.
21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for hand hygiene in health-care settings: recommendations of the healthcare infection control practices advisory committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/ APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. MMWR. 2002;51:1-45.
22. Power I, Kam P. Physiology of exitable cells. En: Pagel P. Principles of physiology for the anesthesist. 2da ed. UK: Hodder Arnold And Hachette UK Company; 2008.
23. Weinberg GL, Neal JM, Bernards CM, et al. ASRA practice advisory on the systemic toxicity of local anesthetics. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2010;35:152-61.
24. Marhofer P, Greher M, Kapral S. Ultrasound guidance in regional anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2005;94:7.
25. Dingemans E, Williams SR, Arcand G, et al: Neurostimulation in ultrasound-guided block -a prospective randomized trial. Anesth Analg. 2007;104:1275.
26. Gaertner E, Lascurain P, Venet C, et al. Continuous parasacral sciatic block: A radiographic study. Anesth Analg. 2004;98:831.
27. Glass P, Shafer S. Anesthetic pharmacologic, intravenous anesthetics. En: Miller R, Lars MD, Eriksson I, et al. Miller's Anesthesia 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2009;26.
28. Vanegas A. Anestésicos intravenosos. En: Vanegas A. Anestesia Intravenosa, 2da edición Bogotá: Editorial Médica Panamericana; 2008. p. 194-198.
29. Bozkurt P. Premedication of the pediatric patient - anesthesia for the uncooperative child. Anaesthesiology. 2007;20:211-5.
30. Dalens B, Saint-Maurice C. Practical conditions for practice and survey of regional anesthesia. En: Dalens B, Khandwala R. Regional anesthesia in infants, children, adolescents. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995. pp.145-153.
31. De Andre´s J, Sala-Blanch X. Peripheral nerve stimulation in the practice of brachial plexus anesthesia: a review. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2001;26:478-83.
32. Vester-Andersen T, Husum B, Lindburg T, et al: Perivascular block. IV. Blockade following 40, 50, or 60 mL of mepivacaine 1% with adrenaline. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1984;28:99.
33. Baranowski AP, Pither CE. A comparison of three methods of axillary brachial plexus anaesthesia. Anaesthesia. 1990;45:362.
34. Fanelli G, Casati A, Garancini P, et al. Nerve stimulator and multiple injection technique for upper and lower limb blockade: Failure rate, patient acceptance, and neurologic complications. Study Group on Regional Anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1999;88:847.
35. Auroy Y, Benhamou D, Bargues L, et al. Major complications of regional anesthesia in France: The SOS regional anesthesia hotline service. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:1274.
36. Borgeat A, Ekatodramis G, Kalberer F, et al. Acute and nonacute complications associated with interscalene block and shoulder surgery. A prospective study. Anesth Analg. 2001;95:875-80.
37. Davies JAH, Wilkey AD, Hall ID. Bupivacaine leak past inflated tourniquets during intravenous regional analgesia. Anaesthesia 1984;39:996.
38. Enneking FK, Chan V, et al. Lower extremity peripheral nerve blocks: Essentials of our current understanding. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:4.
39. Capdevila X, Macaire P, Dadure C, et al: Continuous psoas compartment block for postoperative analgesia after total hip arthroplasty: New landmarks, technical guidelines, and clinical evaluation. Anesth Analg. 2002;94:1606.
40. Capdevila X, Coimbra C, Choquet O. Approaches to the lumbar plexus: Success, risks, and outcome. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:150.
41. Franco CD, Gloss FJ, Voronov G, et al. Supraclavicular block in the obese population: An analysis of 2020 blocks. Anesth Analg. 2006;102:1252.
42. Enneking FK, Chan V, Greger J, et al. Lower extremity peripheral nerve blocks: Essentials of our current understanding. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:4.
43. Lopez S, Gros T, Bernard N, et al. Fascia iliaca compartment block for femoral bone fractures in prehospital care. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2003;28:203.
44. Pianezza A, Gilbert ML, Minville V, et al. A modified mid-femoral approach to the sciatic nerve block: A correlation between evoked motor response and sensory block. Anesth Analg. 2007;105:528.
45. Awad IT, Duggan EM. Posterior lumbar plexus block: Anatomy, approaches, and techniques. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:143.
46. Benumof JL. Permanent loss of cervical spinal cord function associated with interscalene block performed under general anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2000; 93:1541-4.
47. Bernards CM, Hadzic A, Surech S, et al. Regional anesthesia in anesthetized or heavily sedated patients. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2008;33:449-60.
48. Boezaart AP. Perineural infusion of local anesthetics. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:872-80.
49. McCartney CJ, Brull R, Chan WW, et al. Early but no long-term benefit of regional compared with general anesthesia for ambulatory hand surgery. Anesthesiology. 2004;101:461-7.
50. Handoll HHG, Koscielniak-Nielsen ZJ. Single, double or multiple techniques for axillary brachial plexus block for hand, wrist or forearm surgery. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2006;1: Art No. CD003842.
How to Cite
1.
Salazar Pérez FA, Rodríguez Sánchez G. Peripheral Nerve Blocks. Colomb. J. Anesthesiol. [Internet]. 2011 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Apr. 29];39(3):387-402. Available from: https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/845
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Published
2011-07-01
How to Cite
1.
Salazar Pérez FA, Rodríguez Sánchez G. Peripheral Nerve Blocks. Colomb. J. Anesthesiol. [Internet]. 2011 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Apr. 29];39(3):387-402. Available from: https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/845
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Systematic review
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