Difference of ketone levels between diurnal and nocturnal fasting in children: an observational study

Alexander Trujillo; Alejandro Ramírez; Fernando Arango

doi:10.5554/22562087.e1064

Alexander Trujillo a. Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Caldas. Manizales, Colombia. b. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Manizales. Manizales, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9123-7609
Alejandro Ramírez Surgery Department, Health Sciences School, Universidad de Caldas. Manizales, Colombia.
Fernando Arango Health Sciences School, Universidad de Manizales. Manizales, Colombia.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5554/22562087.e1064

Keywords: Children, Anesthesia, Ketonemia, Fasting, Circadian clock, Anesthesiology

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Abstract

Introduction: Children are susceptible to developing preoperative ketonemia, which can be affected by changes in the circadian rhythm and counter-regulatory hormones. It is unclear whether ketonemia depends on the timing of fasting.

Objective: To assess the effect of preoperative fasting time (diurnal vs. night) on the preoperative concentration of ketone bodies in children.

Methods: We conducted a prospective-observational clinical study between September 2020 and March 2021, including children under 48 months of age scheduled for elective surgery. Two groups were identified based on fasting time, as follows: diurnal fasting (group A, n = 40) and nocturnal fasting (group B, n = 52). Demographic data, duration of fasting, time of excess fasting, type of food intake, the concentration of ketone bodies and capillary blood glucose, level of anxiety, and dehydration were analyzed in both groups.

Results: Diurnal fasting was associated with higher incidence of ketonemia compared with nocturnal fasting (Group A: 62.5% [95% CI 48.1-82.0]; group B: 38,5% [95% CI 26.5-52.5], P=0.02). Most of the patients exceeded the duration of fasting recommended by preoperative fasting guidelines (95.6%). The type of food eaten before surgery was significantly associated with the presence of ketonemia (P=0.01).

Conclusions: Preoperative ketonemia is relatively common in patients under 48 months of age, especially among those who undergo diurnal fasting compared to nocturnal fasting.

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How to Cite

1.

Trujillo A, Ramírez A, Arango F. Difference of ketone levels between diurnal and nocturnal fasting in children: an observational study. Colomb. J. Anesthesiol. [Internet]. 2023 Mar. 9 [cited 2023 Sep. 27];51(3). Available from: https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/1064