Arterial blood gas in young adults at an average altitude of 1605-m above sea level: Armenia, Colombia 2016
Abstract
Introduction:
Arterial blood gas measurement is an essential quick test in clinical practice to evaluate oxygenation and for the identification and diagnosis of acid-base and metabolic disorders. Arterial blood gas reference values vary as a result of altitude changes associated with barometric pressure (bp).
Objectives:
To determine the PaCO2, PaO2, HCO3, and SaO2% values for a young population without lung disease in a city located at an average altitude of 1605-m above sea level and a bp of 624mm Hg.
Materials and methods:
Descriptive cross-sectional study in 137 arterial blood gas samples from male and female healthy volunteers aged between 18 and 40 years old. An COPD® point of care blood analysis portable system was used for readings with single-use individual cards.
Results and conclusion:
The 95% confidence interval (CI) limits were pH between 7.43 and 7.45, PaO2 between 86.23 and 88.83, PaCO2 between 32.64 and 33.87, and SatO2% between 97.13 and 97.38. No gender or age differences were found. When comparing the findings against other trials conducted over 2640-m above sea level, some differences were identified: PaO2 between 18 and 26 mm Hg lower at an altitude of 1605 m (Armenia), PCO2 between 2.0 and 2.7 mm Hg higher in Armenia, and also the SaO2% was between 3.6% and 6.2% higher. PaO2 and HCO3~ were mildly higher as compared with a study conducted in Medellin. The oxygenation index (PaO2/FIO2) was 416.83 (95% CI 410.63-23.03)- as expected-considering the difference in altitude due to the geographic location, pursuant to the referenced studies.
References
2. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la Lengua española. 22° ed. 2001. [Accessed 2017 Mar 20]. Available at: http://dle.rae.es/srv/fetch?id=U6hxHwV.
3. Hurtado JC, Salazar T, Peña M. Normal values of the arterial gases in Bogotá. Umbral Científico 2007;1:93-101.
4. Williams AJ. ABC of oxygen: assessing and interpreting arterial blood gases and acid-base balance. BMJ 1998;317:1213-1216.
5. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Transporte de oxígeno y dióxido de carbono en la sangre y los líquidos tisulares. Tratado de fisiología médica 11 ed. Elsevier, Madrid:2006;502-513.
6. West J. West J. Intercambio Gaseoso. Fisiopatología Pulmonar 6a ed. Editorial Panamericana, Buenos Aires:2004;17-38. Capítulo 2.
7. Rodríguez-Roisin R. Grupo de trabajo SEPAR. Regulation of arterial blood gases analyses. Arch Bronconeumol 1998;34:142-153.
8. Ortega H, Millán A, Mesa GH. Arterial blood gases in healthy adult population of the city of Medellín. Acta Med Colomb 2002;27:98-102.
9. Ganong WF. Ganong WF. Regulación de la respiración. Fisiología Médica 23 ed. Interamericana-McGraw-Hill, Madrid:2011;625-638.
10. Aristizábal-Salazar R, Calvo-Torres L, Valencia-Arango A, et al. Equilibrio ácido-base: el mejor enfoque clínico. Rev Colomb Anestesiol 2015;43:219-224.
11. Tinoco A, Román A, Charri J. Arterial blood gas analysis at different levels of altitude in healthy adult residents of Peru. Horiz Med 2017;17:6-10.
12. Ministerio de Salud de Colombia. Indicadores básicos de salud 2014. 2015. [Accessed 2018 May 15]. Available at: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/ED/PSP/Indicadores-basicos-salud-2014.pdf.
13. Aristizábal RE, Martínez JW, Montoya-Cañón M, et al. Relationship of acid-base equilibrium and survival in adults with diagnosis of trauma in intensive care unit in San Jorge University Hospital. 2001-2010, Pereira, Colombia. Rev Méd UIS 2015;28:273-280.
14. Carranza-Cortés J. Damage control in abdominal trauma. Anest Méx 2016;28:34-39.
15. EPOC, Manual del sistema. (c)2010 Epocal Inc. 2060 Walkley Road Ottawa, Ontario, Canadá K1G 3P5. 2010.
16. Shrake K, Blonshine S, Brown R, et al. AARC clinical practice guideline: Sampling for arterial blood gas analysis. Respiratory Care 1992;37:913-914.
17. Theodore A. Arterial blood gases. Post TW, ed. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc. [Accessed 2017 Mar 15]. Available at: http://www.uptodate.com.
18. Fundación Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paul. Protocolo de toma, conservación transporte de muestras para exámenes de laboratorio clínico. Versión 9. Medellín:2011.
19. Fundación Neumológica Colombiana. Laboratorio de función pulmonar: Manual de procedimientos. Capítulo 11: Gases Arteriales. 2000.
20. Lasso JI. Interpretation of arterial blood gases in Bogotá (2640-m above sea level) based on the Siggaard-Andersen nomogram, a proposal to facilitate and unify readings. Rev Colomb Neumol 2014;26:25-36.
21. Acevedo L, Solarte I. Arterial blood gases in young adults in Bogotá's altuitude. Acta Med Colomb 1984;9:7-14.
22. Maldonado D, González-García M, Barrero M, et al. Reference values for arterial blood gases at an altitude of 2.640 meters. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013;187:A4852.
23. Yumbo C. Study of reference values of arterial blood gases in high-altitude populations. Enferm Tórax 2002;45:40-42.
24. Pereira-Victorio CJ, Huamanquispe-Quintana J, Castelo-Tamayo LE. Arterial blood gases in clinically healthy adults living at 3,350 meters of altitude. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 2014;31:473-479.
25. Restrepo J, Reyes P, Vasquez P, et al. Arterial blood and alveolar gases in healthy adults in Bogotá’s altuitude. Acta Med Colomb 1982;7:461-466.
26. Miranda M, López-Herce J, Martínez M, et al. Relation between between PaO2/FiO2 and SatO2/FiO2 with mortality and duration of admission in critically ill children. An Pediatr (Barc) 2012;76:16-22.
Downloads
Altmetric
| Article metrics | |
|---|---|
| Abstract views | |
| Galley vies | |
| PDF Views | |
| HTML views | |
| Other views | |
