Adverse events in paediatric patients taken to magnetic resonance imaging under sedation or anaesthesia
Keywords:
Anesthesia, Sedation, Pediatrics, Magnetic resonance imaging, Child
Abstract
Introduction: Nuclear magnetic resonance is a technique requiring breath holding or staying still for long periods of time for image acquisition. For this reason, paediatric patients need to be given sedation or anaesthesia, creating additional risks to those found in other areas.
Objective: To describe the incidence of adverse events in paediatric patients in the magnetic resonance service with the presence of an anaesthetist.
Materials and methods: Descriptive observational study to assess the incidence of adverse events in 4786 patients under 15 years of age taken to magnetic resonance imaging with an attending anaesthetist for sedation or anaesthesia at Instituto de Alta Tecnología Médica between 2010 and 2014.
Results: There were 12 adverse events with a rate of 2.5 for every 1000 paediatric patients. Of these, there were 6 serious, 4 moderate and 2 mild adverse events. The proportion of mortality was 0.04%.
Conclusion: Performing magnetic resonance imaging studies under sedation or anaesthesia given by an anaesthetist in patients under 15 years of age is safe. However a risk-benefit analysis is required in hospitalized or decompensated patients, in order to assess the best option.
References
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11. Sanborn PA, Michna E, Zurakowski D, Burrows PE, Fontaine PJ, Connor L, et al. Adverse cardiovascular and respiratory events during sedation of pediatric patients for imaging examinations. Radiology. 2005;237:288-94.
12. Cutler KO, Bush AJ, Godambe SA, Gilmore B. The use of pediatric emergency medicine-staffed sedation service during imaging: a retrospective analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2007;25:654-61.
13. Bluemke DA, Breiter S. Sedation procedures in MR imaging: safety, effectiveness, and nursing effect on examinations. Radiology. 2000;216:645-52.
14. Kannikeswaran N, Mahajan PV, Sethuraman U, Groebe A, Chen X. Sedation medication received and adverse events related to sedatio for brain MRI in children with and without developmental disabilities. Paediatr Anaesth. 2009;19: 250-6.
15. Rangamani S, Varghese J, Li L, Harvey L, Hammel JM, Fletcher SE, et al. Safety of cardiac magnetic resonance and contrast angiography for neonates and small infants: a 10-year single-institution experience. Pediatr Radiol. 2012;42: 1339-46.
16. Malviya S, Voepel-Lewis T, Eldevik OP, Rockwell DT, Wong JH, Tait AR. Sedation and general anaesthesia in children undergoing MRI and CT: adverse events an outcomes. Br J Anaesth. 2000;84:743-8.
17. Dorfman AL, Odegard KC, Powell AJ, Laussen PC, Geva T. Risk factors for adverse events during cardiovascular magnetic resonance in congenital cardiac disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2007;9:793-8.
18. Metzner J, Domino KB. Risks of anesthesia or sedation outside the operating room: the role of the anesthesia care provider. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2010;23:523-31.
19. Odegard KC, DiNardo JA, Tsai-Goodman B, Powell AJ, Geva T, Laussen PC. Anaesthesia considerations for cardiac MRI in infants and small children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004;14: 471-6.
20. Vitiello R, McCrindle BW, Nykanen D, Freedom RM, Benson LN. Complications associated with pediatric cardiac catheterization. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:1433-40.
21. Malviya S, Voepel-Lewis T, Prochaska G, Tait AR. Prolonged recovery and delayed side effects of sedation for diagnostic imaging studies in children. Pediatrics. 2000;105:E42.
22. Delgado J, Toro R, Rascovsky S, Arango A, Angel GJ, Calvo V, et al. Chloral hydrate in pediatric magnetic resonance imaging: evaluation of a 10-year sedation experience administered by radiologists. Pediatr Radiol. 2015;45:108-14.
23. Schulte-Uentrop L, Goepfert MS. Anaesthesia or sedation for MRI in children. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2010;23:513-7.
2. Delgado JA, Abad P.Angel GJ, Llano JF, Gómez FJ, Calvo VD. Uso de sedación profunda asistida por un anestesiólogo en resonancia magnética para población pediátrica. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2011;38:487-97.
3. Jain R, Petrillo-Albarano T, Parks WJ, Linzer JF, Stockwell JA. Efficacy and safety of deep sedation by non-anesthesiologists for cardiac MRI in children. Pediatr Radiol. 2013;43:605-11.
4. American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Coté CJ, Wilson S, Work Group on Sedation. Guidelines for monitoring and management of pediatric patients during and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures: an update. Paediatr Anaesth. 2008;18:9-10.
5. Kanal E, Barkovich AJ, Bell C, Borgstede JP, Bradley WG Jr, Froelich JW, et al. ACR Guidance Document on MR Safe Practices: 2013. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2013;37:501-30.
6. Kanal E, Barkovich AJ, Bell C, Borgstede JP, Bradley WG Jr, Froelich JW, et al. ACR Blue Ribbon Pane on MR safety: ACR guidance document for safe MR practices: 2007. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188:1447-74.
7. Williams K, Thomson D, Seto I, Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG, Ioannidis JP, Curtis S, et al. Standard 6: age groups for pediatric trials. Pediatrics. 2012;129 Suppl. 3:S153-60.
8. Connis R, Nickinovich D, Caplan R, Apfelbaum J. Evaluation and classification of evidence for the ASA Clinical Practice Guidelines. In: Miller RD, editor. Miller's anesthesia. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2015. p. 3257-70. 2017;45(1):8-14
9. Vuyk J, Sitsen E, Reekers M. Intravenous anesthetics. In: Miller RD, editor. Miller's anesthesia. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2015. p. 821-63.
10. Ministerio de la Protección Social. Herramientas para promover la estrategia de la Seguridad del Paciente en el Sistema Obligatorio de Garantía de Calidad de la Atención en Salud. Bogotá; Editorial Fundación FITEC. 2007 [Cited 2015 Ago 14. Available at: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/1/Herramientas%20para%20la%20Seguridad%20del %20Paciente.pdf.
11. Sanborn PA, Michna E, Zurakowski D, Burrows PE, Fontaine PJ, Connor L, et al. Adverse cardiovascular and respiratory events during sedation of pediatric patients for imaging examinations. Radiology. 2005;237:288-94.
12. Cutler KO, Bush AJ, Godambe SA, Gilmore B. The use of pediatric emergency medicine-staffed sedation service during imaging: a retrospective analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2007;25:654-61.
13. Bluemke DA, Breiter S. Sedation procedures in MR imaging: safety, effectiveness, and nursing effect on examinations. Radiology. 2000;216:645-52.
14. Kannikeswaran N, Mahajan PV, Sethuraman U, Groebe A, Chen X. Sedation medication received and adverse events related to sedatio for brain MRI in children with and without developmental disabilities. Paediatr Anaesth. 2009;19: 250-6.
15. Rangamani S, Varghese J, Li L, Harvey L, Hammel JM, Fletcher SE, et al. Safety of cardiac magnetic resonance and contrast angiography for neonates and small infants: a 10-year single-institution experience. Pediatr Radiol. 2012;42: 1339-46.
16. Malviya S, Voepel-Lewis T, Eldevik OP, Rockwell DT, Wong JH, Tait AR. Sedation and general anaesthesia in children undergoing MRI and CT: adverse events an outcomes. Br J Anaesth. 2000;84:743-8.
17. Dorfman AL, Odegard KC, Powell AJ, Laussen PC, Geva T. Risk factors for adverse events during cardiovascular magnetic resonance in congenital cardiac disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2007;9:793-8.
18. Metzner J, Domino KB. Risks of anesthesia or sedation outside the operating room: the role of the anesthesia care provider. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2010;23:523-31.
19. Odegard KC, DiNardo JA, Tsai-Goodman B, Powell AJ, Geva T, Laussen PC. Anaesthesia considerations for cardiac MRI in infants and small children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004;14: 471-6.
20. Vitiello R, McCrindle BW, Nykanen D, Freedom RM, Benson LN. Complications associated with pediatric cardiac catheterization. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:1433-40.
21. Malviya S, Voepel-Lewis T, Prochaska G, Tait AR. Prolonged recovery and delayed side effects of sedation for diagnostic imaging studies in children. Pediatrics. 2000;105:E42.
22. Delgado J, Toro R, Rascovsky S, Arango A, Angel GJ, Calvo V, et al. Chloral hydrate in pediatric magnetic resonance imaging: evaluation of a 10-year sedation experience administered by radiologists. Pediatr Radiol. 2015;45:108-14.
23. Schulte-Uentrop L, Goepfert MS. Anaesthesia or sedation for MRI in children. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2010;23:513-7.
How to Cite
1.
Largo-Pineda CE, Arenas-Correa ID, Ángel-González GJ, Vélez-Arango JM, Calvo-Betancur VD, Arango-Zapata AN. Adverse events in paediatric patients taken to magnetic resonance imaging under sedation or anaesthesia. Colomb. J. Anesthesiol. [Internet]. 2017 Jan. 1 [cited 2024 Apr. 18];45(1):8-14. Available from: https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/41
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Published
2017-01-01
How to Cite
1.
Largo-Pineda CE, Arenas-Correa ID, Ángel-González GJ, Vélez-Arango JM, Calvo-Betancur VD, Arango-Zapata AN. Adverse events in paediatric patients taken to magnetic resonance imaging under sedation or anaesthesia. Colomb. J. Anesthesiol. [Internet]. 2017 Jan. 1 [cited 2024 Apr. 18];45(1):8-14. Available from: https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/41
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