The hidden world of drug interactions in anesthesia☆
Keywords:
Pharmacology, Drug Interactions, Chemistry, pharmaceutical, Pharmacokinetics, Anesthesia
Abstract
Drug interactions represent the cornerstone in the basic anesthetic triangle and knowledge about such interactions contributes to a solid foundation for administering medications.
This article dwells on the anesthetic drug interactions: pharmaceutical (mixing or not mixing), pharmacokinetic (alterations in distribution, metabolism, or clearance), pharmacodynamics (synergism, additive effect) and thermodynamic (affinity and intrinsic activity).
The basic anesthetic triangle is a current concept and drug interactions are the cornerstone for safe anesthesia. These interactions are currently neglected and hence the anesthetist should recognize any drug interactions for a safer practice of anesthesia.
References
1. Robinson DH, Toledo AH. Historical development of modern anesthesia. J Invest Surg. 2012;25:141-9.
2. Rees GJ, Gray TC. Methyl-n-propyl ether. Br J Anaesth. 1950;22:83-91.
3. Gray TC, Rees GJ. The role of apnoea in anaesthesia for major surgery. Br Med J. 1952;2:891-2.
4. Urban BW, Bleckwenn M. Concepts and correlations relevant to general anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2002;89:3-16.
5. Antognini JF, Carstens E. In vivo characterization of clinical anesthesia and its components. Br J Anaesth. 2002;89:156-66.
6. Young TM. The anaesthetic triangle. Anaesthesia. 1957;12:473-5.
7. Tafur LA, Lema E. In: TACAN, editor. Target controlled anesthesia. Bogotá: Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación; 2014. p. 32.
8. Laschi A, Sehnal N, Alarcon A, Barcelo B, Caire-Maurisier F, Delaire M, et al. Container-content compatibility studies: a pharmaceutical team's integrated approach. J Pharm Sci Technol. 2009;63:285-93.
9. Becker DE. Adverse drug interactions. Anesth Prog. 2011;58:31-41.
10. Trissel LA, editor. Handbook on injectable drugs. 16th ed Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2013.
11. Gómez Menéndez JM, Tafur Betancourt LA, Quintero Cifuentes IF, Figueroa Vega SP, Serna Murillo AM, Gutiérrez Ramos A. Manual single infusion of combined remifentanil and propofo for anesthesia during laparoscopic gynecology procedures: a case series. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2010;57:220-3.
12. Berkenbosch JW, Graff GR, Stark JM, Ner Z, Tobias JD. Use of a remifentanil-propofol mixture for pediatric flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy sedation. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004;14:941-6.
13. Chernin EL, Smiler B. Any propofol compatibility study must include an emulsion stability analysis. Anesth Analg. 2000;91:1307-8.
14. Picard P, Tramèr MR. Prevention of pain on injection with propofol: a quantitative systematic review. Anesth Analg. 2000;90:963-9.
15. Jalota L, Kalira V, George E, Shi Y-Y, Hornuss C, Radke O, et al. Prevention of pain on injection of propofol: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2011;342:d1110.
16. Masaki Y, Tanaka M, Nishikawa T. Physicochemical compatibility of propofol-lidocaine mixture. Anesth Analg. 2003;97:1646-51.
17. Bertsche T, Mayer Y,Stahl R, Hoppe-Tichy T, Encke J, Haefeli WE. Prevention of intravenous drug incompatibilities in an intensive care unit. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008;65:1834-40.
18. Cohen MR, Smetzer JL. ISMP medication error report analysis-drug stability and compatibility; proper use of single-dose vials; what drugs are present on nursing units? Arixtra-not a hemostat; Pradaxa-Plavix mix-up. Hosp Pharm. 2012;47:578-82.
19. Kanji S, Lam J, Johanson C, Singh A, Goddard R, Fairbairn J, et al. Systematic review of physical and chemical compatibility of commonly used medications administered by continuous infusion in intensive care units. Crit Care Med. 2010;38:1890-8.
20. Nemec K, Kopelent-Frank H, Greif R. Standardization of infusion solutions to reduce the risk of incompatibility. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008;65:1648-54.
21. McCance-Katz EF, Sullivan L, Nallani S. Drug interactions of clinical importance among the opioids, methadone and buprenorphine, and other frequently prescribed medications: a review. Am J Addict. 2010;19:4-16.
22. Fine P. A clinical guide to opioid analgesia. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2007. p. 134.
23. Bouillon T, Bruhn J, Radu-Radulescu L, Bertaccini E, Park S, Shafer S. Non-steady state analysis of the pharmacokinetic interaction between propofol and remifentanil. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:1350-62.
24. Labroo RB, Paine MF, Thummel KE, Kharasch ED. Fentanyl metabolism by human hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 3A4 implications for interindividual variability in disposition, efficacy, and drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997;25:1072-80.
25. Vuyk J, Lichtenbelt BJ, Olofsen E, Van Kleef JW, Dahan A. Mixed-effects modeling of the influence of midazolam on propofol pharmacokinetics. Anesth Analg. 2009;108:1522-30.
26. Cressey DM, Claydon P, Bhaskaran NC, Reilly CS. Effect of midazolam pretreatment on induction dose requirements of propofol in combination with fentanyl in younger and older adults. Anaesthesia. 2001;56:108-13.
27. Fine P, Portenoy RK. Opioid analgesia. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2007.
28. Tafur LA, Lema E. Anestesia total intravenosa: de la farmacéutica a la farmacocinética [Total intravenous anesthesia: from pharmaceutics to pharmacokinetics]. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2010;38:215-31.
29. Hendrickx JFA, Eger EI, Sonner JM, Shafer SL. Is synergy the rule? review of anesthetic interactions producing hypnosis and immobility. Anesth Analg. 2008;107:494-506.
30. Harris RS, Lazar O, Johansen JW, Sebel PS. Interaction of propofol and sevoflurane on loss of consciousness and movement to skin incision during general anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:1170-5.
31. Schumacher PM, Dossche J, Mortier EP, Luginbuehl M, Bouillon TW, Struys MMRF. Response surface modeling of the interaction between propofol and sevoflurane. Anesthesiology. 2009;111:790-804.
32. Mertens MJ, Olofsen E, Engbers FHM, Burm AGL, Bovill JG, Vuyk J. Propofol reduces perioperative remifentanil requirements in a synergistic manner: response surface modeling of perioperative remifentanil-propofol interactions. Anesthesiology. 2003;99:347-59.
33. Nieuwenhuijs DJF, Olofsen E, Romberg RR, Sarton E, Ward D, Engbers F, et al. Response surface modeling of remifentanil-propofol interaction on cardiorespiratory control and bispectral index. Anesthesiology. 2003;98:312-22.
34. Manyam SC, Gupta DK, Johnson KB, White JL, Pace NL, Westenskow DR, et al. Opioid-volatile anesthetic synergy: a response surface model with remifentanil and sevoflurane as prototypes. Anesthesiology. 2006;105:267-78.
35. Botero AG, Rodríguez L, Salazar Pérez FA, Saavedra AV. uso de dexmedetomidina en anestesia total intravenosa (TIVA) use of dexmedetomidine in total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2011;39:514-26.
36. Marcou TA, Marque S, Mazoit JX, Benhamou D. The median effective dose of tramadol and morphine for postoperative patients: a study of interactions. Anesth Analg. 2005;100:469-74.
37. Raffa RB, Porreca F. Thermodynamic analysis of the drug-receptor interaction. Life Sci. 1989;44:245-58.
38. Raffa RB. (Extra)thermodynamics of the drug-receptor interaction. Life Sci. 1999;65:967-80.
39. Borea PA, Dalpiaz A, Varani K, Gilli P, Gilli G. Can thermodynamic measurements of receptor binding yield information on drug affinity and efficacy? Biochem Pharmacol. 2000;60:1549-56.
40. Perozzo R, Folkers G, Scapozza L. Thermodynamics of protein-ligand interactions: history, presence, and future aspects. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2004;24:1-52.
41. Ariens EJ, Van Rossum JM. Affinity, intrinsic acitivity and the all-ornone response. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Thér. 1957;113:89-100.
42. Wienken CJ, Baaske P, Rothbauer U, Braun D, Duhr S. Protein-binding assays in biological liquids using microscale thermophoresis. Nat Commun. 2010;1:100.
43. Bocanegra JC, Botero LF, Tafur LA. Anestesia balanceada. Segunda ed. Reanimación SC de A y, editor. 2nd ed. Bogotá: Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación; 2015.
44. Böhm HJ, Schneider G. Protein-ligand interactions: from molecular recognition to drug design. Weinheim: WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005. p. 239 [online 28 Jan].
45. Rimmel C, Walle A, Kessler H, Ulbricht W. Rates of block by procaine and benzocaine and the procaine-benzocaine interaction at node of Ranvier. Pfluegers Arch Eur J Physiol. 1978;376:105-18.
46. Schmidtmayer J, Ulbricht W. Interaction of lidocaine and benzocaine in blocking sodium channels. Pflugers Arch. 1980;387:47-54.
47. Clarkson CW, Hondeghem LM. Evidence for a specific receptor site for lidocaine, quinidine, and bupivacaine associated with cardiac sodium channels in guinea pig ventricular myocardium. Circ Res. 1985;56:496-506.
48. Emmerson PJ, Liu MR, Woods JH, Medzihradsky F. Binding affinity and selectivity of opioids at mu, delta and kappa receptors in monkey brain membranes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1994;271:1630-7.
49. Volpe DA, McMahon Tobin GA, Mellon RD, Katki AG, Parker RJ, Colatsky T, et al. Uniform assessment and ranking of opioid |j. receptor binding constants for selected opioid drugs. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011;59:385-90.
50. Poisnel G, Quentin T, Barré L, Coquerel A, Debruyne D. Competitive displacement binding assay on rat brain sections and using a ß-imager: application to µ-opioid ligands. J Neurosci Methods. 2006;154:60-7.
51. Strain EC, Walsh SL, Bigelow GE. Blockade of hydromorphone effects by buprenorphine/naloxone and buprenorphine. Psychopharmacology. 2002;159:161-6.
52. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Clinical guidelines for the use of buprenorphine in the treatment of opioid addiction. Trea Improv Protoc Ser 40 DHHS Publ No. 04-3939; 2004. p. 1-172.
53. Dahan A, Aarts L, Smith TW. Incidence, reversal, and preventio of opioid-induced respiratory depression. Anesthesiology. 2010;112:226-38.
2. Rees GJ, Gray TC. Methyl-n-propyl ether. Br J Anaesth. 1950;22:83-91.
3. Gray TC, Rees GJ. The role of apnoea in anaesthesia for major surgery. Br Med J. 1952;2:891-2.
4. Urban BW, Bleckwenn M. Concepts and correlations relevant to general anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2002;89:3-16.
5. Antognini JF, Carstens E. In vivo characterization of clinical anesthesia and its components. Br J Anaesth. 2002;89:156-66.
6. Young TM. The anaesthetic triangle. Anaesthesia. 1957;12:473-5.
7. Tafur LA, Lema E. In: TACAN, editor. Target controlled anesthesia. Bogotá: Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación; 2014. p. 32.
8. Laschi A, Sehnal N, Alarcon A, Barcelo B, Caire-Maurisier F, Delaire M, et al. Container-content compatibility studies: a pharmaceutical team's integrated approach. J Pharm Sci Technol. 2009;63:285-93.
9. Becker DE. Adverse drug interactions. Anesth Prog. 2011;58:31-41.
10. Trissel LA, editor. Handbook on injectable drugs. 16th ed Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2013.
11. Gómez Menéndez JM, Tafur Betancourt LA, Quintero Cifuentes IF, Figueroa Vega SP, Serna Murillo AM, Gutiérrez Ramos A. Manual single infusion of combined remifentanil and propofo for anesthesia during laparoscopic gynecology procedures: a case series. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2010;57:220-3.
12. Berkenbosch JW, Graff GR, Stark JM, Ner Z, Tobias JD. Use of a remifentanil-propofol mixture for pediatric flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy sedation. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004;14:941-6.
13. Chernin EL, Smiler B. Any propofol compatibility study must include an emulsion stability analysis. Anesth Analg. 2000;91:1307-8.
14. Picard P, Tramèr MR. Prevention of pain on injection with propofol: a quantitative systematic review. Anesth Analg. 2000;90:963-9.
15. Jalota L, Kalira V, George E, Shi Y-Y, Hornuss C, Radke O, et al. Prevention of pain on injection of propofol: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2011;342:d1110.
16. Masaki Y, Tanaka M, Nishikawa T. Physicochemical compatibility of propofol-lidocaine mixture. Anesth Analg. 2003;97:1646-51.
17. Bertsche T, Mayer Y,Stahl R, Hoppe-Tichy T, Encke J, Haefeli WE. Prevention of intravenous drug incompatibilities in an intensive care unit. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008;65:1834-40.
18. Cohen MR, Smetzer JL. ISMP medication error report analysis-drug stability and compatibility; proper use of single-dose vials; what drugs are present on nursing units? Arixtra-not a hemostat; Pradaxa-Plavix mix-up. Hosp Pharm. 2012;47:578-82.
19. Kanji S, Lam J, Johanson C, Singh A, Goddard R, Fairbairn J, et al. Systematic review of physical and chemical compatibility of commonly used medications administered by continuous infusion in intensive care units. Crit Care Med. 2010;38:1890-8.
20. Nemec K, Kopelent-Frank H, Greif R. Standardization of infusion solutions to reduce the risk of incompatibility. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008;65:1648-54.
21. McCance-Katz EF, Sullivan L, Nallani S. Drug interactions of clinical importance among the opioids, methadone and buprenorphine, and other frequently prescribed medications: a review. Am J Addict. 2010;19:4-16.
22. Fine P. A clinical guide to opioid analgesia. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2007. p. 134.
23. Bouillon T, Bruhn J, Radu-Radulescu L, Bertaccini E, Park S, Shafer S. Non-steady state analysis of the pharmacokinetic interaction between propofol and remifentanil. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:1350-62.
24. Labroo RB, Paine MF, Thummel KE, Kharasch ED. Fentanyl metabolism by human hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 3A4 implications for interindividual variability in disposition, efficacy, and drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997;25:1072-80.
25. Vuyk J, Lichtenbelt BJ, Olofsen E, Van Kleef JW, Dahan A. Mixed-effects modeling of the influence of midazolam on propofol pharmacokinetics. Anesth Analg. 2009;108:1522-30.
26. Cressey DM, Claydon P, Bhaskaran NC, Reilly CS. Effect of midazolam pretreatment on induction dose requirements of propofol in combination with fentanyl in younger and older adults. Anaesthesia. 2001;56:108-13.
27. Fine P, Portenoy RK. Opioid analgesia. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2007.
28. Tafur LA, Lema E. Anestesia total intravenosa: de la farmacéutica a la farmacocinética [Total intravenous anesthesia: from pharmaceutics to pharmacokinetics]. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2010;38:215-31.
29. Hendrickx JFA, Eger EI, Sonner JM, Shafer SL. Is synergy the rule? review of anesthetic interactions producing hypnosis and immobility. Anesth Analg. 2008;107:494-506.
30. Harris RS, Lazar O, Johansen JW, Sebel PS. Interaction of propofol and sevoflurane on loss of consciousness and movement to skin incision during general anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:1170-5.
31. Schumacher PM, Dossche J, Mortier EP, Luginbuehl M, Bouillon TW, Struys MMRF. Response surface modeling of the interaction between propofol and sevoflurane. Anesthesiology. 2009;111:790-804.
32. Mertens MJ, Olofsen E, Engbers FHM, Burm AGL, Bovill JG, Vuyk J. Propofol reduces perioperative remifentanil requirements in a synergistic manner: response surface modeling of perioperative remifentanil-propofol interactions. Anesthesiology. 2003;99:347-59.
33. Nieuwenhuijs DJF, Olofsen E, Romberg RR, Sarton E, Ward D, Engbers F, et al. Response surface modeling of remifentanil-propofol interaction on cardiorespiratory control and bispectral index. Anesthesiology. 2003;98:312-22.
34. Manyam SC, Gupta DK, Johnson KB, White JL, Pace NL, Westenskow DR, et al. Opioid-volatile anesthetic synergy: a response surface model with remifentanil and sevoflurane as prototypes. Anesthesiology. 2006;105:267-78.
35. Botero AG, Rodríguez L, Salazar Pérez FA, Saavedra AV. uso de dexmedetomidina en anestesia total intravenosa (TIVA) use of dexmedetomidine in total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2011;39:514-26.
36. Marcou TA, Marque S, Mazoit JX, Benhamou D. The median effective dose of tramadol and morphine for postoperative patients: a study of interactions. Anesth Analg. 2005;100:469-74.
37. Raffa RB, Porreca F. Thermodynamic analysis of the drug-receptor interaction. Life Sci. 1989;44:245-58.
38. Raffa RB. (Extra)thermodynamics of the drug-receptor interaction. Life Sci. 1999;65:967-80.
39. Borea PA, Dalpiaz A, Varani K, Gilli P, Gilli G. Can thermodynamic measurements of receptor binding yield information on drug affinity and efficacy? Biochem Pharmacol. 2000;60:1549-56.
40. Perozzo R, Folkers G, Scapozza L. Thermodynamics of protein-ligand interactions: history, presence, and future aspects. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2004;24:1-52.
41. Ariens EJ, Van Rossum JM. Affinity, intrinsic acitivity and the all-ornone response. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Thér. 1957;113:89-100.
42. Wienken CJ, Baaske P, Rothbauer U, Braun D, Duhr S. Protein-binding assays in biological liquids using microscale thermophoresis. Nat Commun. 2010;1:100.
43. Bocanegra JC, Botero LF, Tafur LA. Anestesia balanceada. Segunda ed. Reanimación SC de A y, editor. 2nd ed. Bogotá: Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación; 2015.
44. Böhm HJ, Schneider G. Protein-ligand interactions: from molecular recognition to drug design. Weinheim: WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005. p. 239 [online 28 Jan].
45. Rimmel C, Walle A, Kessler H, Ulbricht W. Rates of block by procaine and benzocaine and the procaine-benzocaine interaction at node of Ranvier. Pfluegers Arch Eur J Physiol. 1978;376:105-18.
46. Schmidtmayer J, Ulbricht W. Interaction of lidocaine and benzocaine in blocking sodium channels. Pflugers Arch. 1980;387:47-54.
47. Clarkson CW, Hondeghem LM. Evidence for a specific receptor site for lidocaine, quinidine, and bupivacaine associated with cardiac sodium channels in guinea pig ventricular myocardium. Circ Res. 1985;56:496-506.
48. Emmerson PJ, Liu MR, Woods JH, Medzihradsky F. Binding affinity and selectivity of opioids at mu, delta and kappa receptors in monkey brain membranes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1994;271:1630-7.
49. Volpe DA, McMahon Tobin GA, Mellon RD, Katki AG, Parker RJ, Colatsky T, et al. Uniform assessment and ranking of opioid |j. receptor binding constants for selected opioid drugs. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011;59:385-90.
50. Poisnel G, Quentin T, Barré L, Coquerel A, Debruyne D. Competitive displacement binding assay on rat brain sections and using a ß-imager: application to µ-opioid ligands. J Neurosci Methods. 2006;154:60-7.
51. Strain EC, Walsh SL, Bigelow GE. Blockade of hydromorphone effects by buprenorphine/naloxone and buprenorphine. Psychopharmacology. 2002;159:161-6.
52. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Clinical guidelines for the use of buprenorphine in the treatment of opioid addiction. Trea Improv Protoc Ser 40 DHHS Publ No. 04-3939; 2004. p. 1-172.
53. Dahan A, Aarts L, Smith TW. Incidence, reversal, and preventio of opioid-induced respiratory depression. Anesthesiology. 2010;112:226-38.
How to Cite
1.
Tafur-Betancourt LA. The hidden world of drug interactions in anesthesia☆. Colomb. J. Anesthesiol. [Internet]. 2017 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Apr. 26];45(3):216–223. Available from: https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/654
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2017-07-01
How to Cite
1.
Tafur-Betancourt LA. The hidden world of drug interactions in anesthesia☆. Colomb. J. Anesthesiol. [Internet]. 2017 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Apr. 26];45(3):216–223. Available from: https://www.revcolanest.com.co/index.php/rca/article/view/654
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